Geopolitical Strategies of China and Taiwan: Implications for Stability in the South China Sea

Abstract

This article analyzes, from a historical-contemporary perspective, the tensions in the South China Sea, originating from the rivalry between the People’s Republic of China and its neighboring countries, particularly Taiwan. It examines the evolution of the conflict from its origins, highlighting its transformation into a global dispute involving powers with significant international influence and a high potential for escalation. The main objective is to identify the geopolitical implications of this rivalry for maritime security and international trade, as well as its regional and global impact. The methodology is based on a systematic review of recent academic literature, organized into key categories such as China’s political-military strategies, Taiwan’s responses, effects on regional stability, and implications for trade.

The findings reveal an increasing economic, technological, and military competition between China and the United States, reflected in deterrence-oriented military exercises that heighten tensions. It is concluded that China upholds the “One China” principle and its expansion strategy, while Taiwan defends its sovereignty with U.S. support. The latter seeks to contain China’s rise and preserve its influence in the Indo-Pacific region.