El cambio climático global impacta el círculo polar Ártico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70554/Derrotero2024.v18n01.01Palabras clave:
Cambio Climático, Círculo Polar Ártico, Transporte Marítimo, Ruta Mar del Norte, Contenedores MarítimosResumen
Numerosas evidencias confirman que la Tierra se está calentando, y entre ellas se incluyen: días y noches más calurosos, calentamiento del océano, reducción del tiempo frío, la capa de nieve en el hemisferio norte está disminuyendo a ritmo vertiginoso, retiro de los glaciares, cambio en los patrones de lluvia, aumento del nivel del mar, disminución del hielo marino en el Círculo Polar Ártico, acidificación de los océanos; ahora se están abriendo rutas que antes estaban impedidas, lo que ofrece el potencial de conectar mercados internacionales a través de rutas polares más cortas. El cambio climático global está provocando el deshielo del permafrost y la reducción de la capa de hielo del océano Ártico, lo que hace que los vastos depósitos minerales de esta parte del mundo sean más accesibles. El Ártico contiene vastas reservas de recursos naturales del mundo: agua dulce (20 %), reservas estimadas de gas natural inexploradas (13 %) y reservas de petróleo (30 %). La región es rica en metales no ferrosos y de tierras raras, oro, diamantes e hidrocarburos. China, país no ártico, pretende obtener acceso a los recursos y a las rutas marítimas del Ártico para asegurar y reforzar su ascenso militar, económico y científico.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Alexander Eslava Sarmiento
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