Towards a National Artificial Intelligence Policy in Colombia: A Comparative Analysis of International Frameworks
Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence, Regulation, Policy, Ethics, InnovationAbstract
The debate surrounding Artificial Intelligence (AI) no longer centers on if it should be regulated, but rather on what that regulation entails and what its orientation should be. While countries across Europe, Asia, and the Americas have already made progress in AI regulation, Colombia presents a fragmented landscape, featuring 6 withdrawn or archived bills, 7 active projects, 3 specific regulatory proposals, and 2 current regulations, all without a clearly defined path.The methodology used in this analysis is exploratory and qualitative, based on the search, review, and analysis of scientific literature and AI regulatory policies. The analysis reveals a stark divergence in regulatory philosophy: one model, the EU's guarantee-based approach, prioritizes control, traceability, and protection, establishing a high compliance risk, while the other, the Asia-Pacific (APAC) model, leans toward flexibility and the active promotion of innovation. For Colombia, this juncture represents a decisive opportunity to establish clear guidelines that foster innovation and investment, thereby avoiding rigid regulatory barriers that could hinder market development. The regulation must be geared toward an ethical, responsible, and competitive framework that drives sustainable sector growth. It is proposed that Colombian policy adopt a hybrid model, integrating the EU's protection principles with pro-innovation mechanisms and a unique component of social justice and labor retraining, positioning the country as a regional benchmark for responsible regulation adapted to its regional context.
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